Ukuhlaziywa kwe-high-frequency switching power supply transformer
Emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi esihlangana nayo nsuku zonke, singathola inani elikhuluumgogodla kazibutheizingxenye, phakathi kwazo kukhona inhliziyo ye-ukushintsha ukunikezwa kwamandlamodule - iukushintsha i-transformer. Namuhla, imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi empilweni inezidingo eziqinile kakhulu zokubukeka kwemikhiqizo emincane kakhulu futhi emincane kakhulu. Njengenhliziyo yomthombo wamandla wale mikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi, ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshwa kwemvamisa ephezulu kunezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa elihle kanye nosayizi omncane. Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo eminingi ye-elekthronikhi ingamandla aphezulu wokushintsha imvamisa. Njengabasebenzi embonini ye-elekthronikhi, kufanele wazi okuthile mayelana nesiguquli sokushintshwa kwamandla kagesi.
I-transformer iyisisetshenziswa esisebenzisa isimiso sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukushintshanisa okwamanje. Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko zihlanganisaikhoyili yokuqala, ikhoyili yesibilifuthiinsimbi core.
Kumsebenzi we-electronics, ama-transformer angabonakala kaningi. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kumojula yokuphakelwa kwamandla njengokuguqulwa kwe-voltage nokuhlukaniswa:
①: Uguquko lungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukuya phezulu kanye nokwehla. Izinsiza eziningi zokushintsha amandla zisuka phansi. Imikhiqizo enjalo ye-elekthronikhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zikagesi zedeskithophu, ama-adaptha aphathekayo, amashaja eselula, izinsiza zikagesi ze-TV, iziko lokuphekela irayisi, iziqandisi, iziko lokungeniswa, izinsiza zikagesi, njll. Lokhu okokufaka kwe-AC okudlula ebhulohweni lokulungisa nokuhlunga okukhulu kwe-capacitor. ukuthola i-DC ene-voltage ephezulu.
②: I-Boosting ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kugesi oguquguqukayo noma imigqa ye-DC-DC, enezinto zikagesi eziphuthumayo, futhi ibhethri engu-12V iguqulelwa ekuphumeni okungu-220V kwemishini yokuphakela amandla.
③: Ukuhlukaniswa kwehigh-frequency switching transformerskuyisidingo sokuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezinto zikagesi. Uma i-AC ifaka, isiguquli esishintshayo kufanele sibe nebanga eliphephile ukuze sifinyelele ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kokufaka okuyinhloko kwe-AC kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla wesibili. I-winding eyinhloko ye-transformer ihlukaniswe nge-tape yokuvikela, futhi izinhlangothi eziyisisekelo nesesibili ze-skeleton zihlukanisiwe. I-AC idlula emzimbeni womuntu bese yenza iluphu nomhlaba, okubangela ingozi yokuqhutshwa komuntu. Kukhona ukuhlolwa kwe-high-voltage kuma-transformer, ngokuvamile adinga i-3KV.
Ubudlelwano bamanje phakathi kwekhoyili yokuqala nekhoyili yesibili:
Lapho i-transformer isebenza nomthwalo, ukuguqulwa kwekhoyili yesibili yamanje kuzodala inguquko ehambisanayo ku-primary coil current. Ngokuvumelana nomgomo webhalansi yamandla kazibuthe, kutholwa ukuthi amakhoyili ayinhloko nawesibili ahambisana ngokuphambene nenani lokuphenduka kwamakhoyili. Okwamanje ohlangothini olunamajika amaningi mancane, kanti owamanje ohlangothini olunamajika ambalwa mkhulu.
Ingavezwa ngendlela elandelayo: ikhoyili yokuqala yamanje/ikhoyili yesibili yamanje = iyajika ikhoyili yesibili/ijika ikhoyili yokuqala.
Izinto zekhoyili ze-transformer zihlanganisaucingo olu-enameled, ucingo olufakwe izendlalelo ezintathu, ucwecwe lwethusi, futhiishidi lethusi. Intambo ene-enameled ngokuvamile isebenzisa izintambo ezisontekile ezinemicu eminingi. Inzuzo yocingo olusontekile olunemicu eminingi ukugwema umphumela wesikhumba socingo lwethusi, kodwa ucingo olusontekile olunemicu eminingi lungabangela umsindo. Izintambo ezintathu ezifakwe ngaphakathi zisetshenziswa kuma-transformers anebanga elinganele lokuphepha nomaamathambo amancaneindawo, kanye ne-copper foil neshidi lethusi kusetshenziswa kuma-transformer anamandla amakhulu.
Indlela yokusonta ikhoyili ingathuthukisa i-EMI ye-transformer, ikakhulukazi kumandla aphansi we-flyback amandla. Ukusonta amakhoyili nokuvikela kubaluleke kakhulu ku-EMI. Ukusonteka kwekhoyili kuthinta i-inductance yokuvuza kanye ne-parasitic capacitance ye-transformer, futhi kunomthelela ekulahlekelweni kwe-transformer.
Umehluko phakathiama-low-frequency transformersfuthiama-high-frequency transformers:
① Imvamisa yokusebenza kwe-Transformer
Ngokusho kweamafrikhwensi ahlukene wokusebenza we-transformer, ngokuvamile ingahlukaniswa ngama-low-frequency transformers kanye nama-high-frequency transformers. Isibonelo, empilweni yansuku zonke, imvamisa ye-AC ye-industrial frequency ngu-50Hz, futhi sibiza i-transformer esebenza kule mvamisa ngokuthi i-low-frequency transformer; kuyilapho imvamisa yokusebenza ye-high-frequency transformer ingafinyelela emashumini e-KHz kuya kumakhulu e-KHz. Kuma-low-frequency transformers kanye nama-high-frequency transformers anamandla afanayo okukhipha, umthamo we-high-frequency transformer uncane kakhulu kune-low-frequency transformer. I-transformer iyinxenye enkulu kumjikelezo wokuphakelwa kwamandla. Ukuqinisekisa amandla okukhipha ngenkathi unciphisa ivolumu, i-transformer ephezulu-frequency kufanele isetshenziswe, ngakho-ke i-high-frequency transformer isetshenziswa ekunikezeni amandla okushintsha.
② Umgomo wokusebenza we-transformer
Umgomo wokusebenza we-high-frequency transformer kanye ne-low-frequency transformer iyafana. Zombili zisebenza ngomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, kepha ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha, izinto ezisetshenziselwa ama-cores azo zihlukile. Umnyombo wensimbi we-low-frequency transformer ngokuvamile wenziwa ngamashidi ensimbi amaningi e-silicon anqwabelene, kuyilapho umgogodla wensimbi we-high-frequency transformer wenziwe ngezinto kazibuthe ezinemvamisa ephezulu.
③ Isiginali yokudlulisa i-Transformer
Kusekhethi yamandla kagesi azinzile we-DC, isiguquli se-low-frequency sidlulisa isignali ye-sine wave. Kumjikelezo wokunikezela kwamandla okushintshayo, i-high-frequency transformer idlulisa isignali ye-high-frequency pulse square wave.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-transformer yilezi: ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage; ukuguqulwa kwe-impedance; ukuzihlukanisa; ukuqina kwamandla kagesi (i-magnetic saturation transformer), njll. Ama-Transformer asetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imikhiqizo kagesi futhi ayingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Isimiso se-transformer silula. Ngokwezikhathi zokusetshenziswa ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, inqubo yokusonta ye-transformer nayo izoba nezidingo ezihlukile.
Iminyaka engu-15 yomkhiqizi wezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ochwepheshe
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-17-2024