(A) Umgomo wokuqamba wokushintshwa kwamandla kagesi
1.1 Isekhethi yokufaka
Isekhethi yesihlungi somugqa, isekethe yokucindezela yamanje, isekethe yokulungisa kabusha.
Umsebenzi: Guqula igridi yokufaka yamandla kagesi we-AC ibe amandla okufaka we-DC wokushintshwa kwamandla okuhlangabezana nezimfuneko.
1.1.1 Isekhethi yesihlungi esilinganayo
Cindezela ama-harmonics nomsindo
1.1.2 Isekhethi yesihlungi sokuhlinza
Cindezela ukukhuphuka kwamanje kusuka kugridi
1.1.3 Isekhethi yesilungisi
Guqula i-AC ibe yi-DC
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo lokufakwayo kwe-capacitor kanye nohlobo lwekhoyili yokuminyanisa. Izinsiza eziningi zokushintsha amandla ezangaphambili
1.2 Isekhethi yokuguqulwa
Iqukethe isekethe yokushintsha, isekethe yokuhlukanisa okukhiphayo (isiguquli), njll. Isiteshi esikhuluukushintsha ukunikezwa kwamandlaukuguqulwa, futhi iqedela ukuguquguquka kokunquma kanye nokuphuma kwefomu lokunikezela kwamandla ngamandla.
Ishubhu yamandla eshintshayo kuleli zinga iyisisetshenziswa sayo esiyinhloko.
1.2.1 Ukushintsha isekethe
Imodi yokushayela: ukuzithokozisa, ukuthokozela ngaphandle
Umjikelezo wokuguqulwa: uhlukanisiwe, ongahlukanisiwe, u-resonant
Amadivayisi kagesi: Asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-GTR, MOSFET, IGBT
Imodi yokushintshashintsha: i-PWM, i-PFM, ne-hybrid. I-PWM isetshenziswa kakhulu.
1.2.2 Ukukhipha isiguquli
Ihlukaniswe yaba yi-shaft-free kanye ne-shaft-with. Ayikho i-shaft edingekayo ukuze kulungiswe igagasi elinguhhafu kanye nokulungiswa kokuphindwe kabili. I-shaft iyadingeka ukuze uthole igagasi eligcwele.
1.3 Isekhethi yokulawula
Nikeza ama-pulses angama-rectangular ashintshiwe kusekethe yedrayivu ukuze ulungise i-voltage ephumayo.
Isekhethi yereferensi: Nikeza ireferensi kagesi. Njengereferensi efanayo LM358, AD589, inkomba yochungechunge AD581, REF192, njll.
Isekhethi yesampula: Thatha konke noma ingxenye ye-voltage ephumayo.
Ukukhulisa ukuqhathanisa: Qhathanisa isignali yesampula nesiginali yereferensi ukuze ukhiqize isignali yephutha yokulawula umjikelezo we-PM wokuphakela amandla.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-V/F: Guqula isignali ye-voltage yephutha ibe isignali yefrikhwensi.
I-oscillator: Khiqiza igagasi lokuzungeza kwemvamisa ephezulu
I-Base drive circuit: Guqula isignali ye-oscillation eshintshiwe ibe isignali yokulawula efanele ukushayela isisekelo seshubhu yokushintsha.
1.4 Isekhethi yokuphumayo
Ukulungisa nokuhlunga
Lungisa i-voltage ephumayo ibe yi-pulsating DC bese uyishelela ku-voltage ye-DC ene-ripple ephansi. Ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa okukhiphayo manje bunegagasi elinguhhafu, igagasi eligcwele, amandla angashintshi, ukuphindwa kabili kwamanje, ukuvumelanisa nezinye izindlela zokulungisa.
(B) Ukuhlaziywa kwezinsiza ezihlukahlukene zamandla e-topological
2.1 Isiguquli semali
I-Buck circuit: I-Buck chopper, i-polarity yokufaka nokuphumayo kuyafana.
Njengoba umkhiqizo we-volt-yesibili wokushaja nokukhishwa kwe-inductor ulingana nesimo esiqinile, i-voltage yokufaka i-Ui, i-voltage ephumayo Uo; ngakho-ke:
(Ui-Uo)ton=Uotoff
Uiton-Uoton=Uo*toff
Ui*ton=Uo(ton+toff)
Uo/Ui=ton/(ton+toff)=▲
Okusho ukuthi, ubudlelwano be-voltage yokufaka nokuphumayo yilokhu:
Uo/Ui=▲ (umjikelezo womsebenzi)
I-Buck circuit topology
Uma inkinobho ivuliwe, amandla okufaka ahlungwa yi-L inductor kanye ne-C capacitor ukunikeza okwamanje ekupheleni komthwalo; lapho ukushintshwa kuvaliwe, i-inductor ye-L iyaqhubeka nokugeleza ku-diode ukugcina umthwalo wamanje uqhubeka. I-voltage ephumayo ngeke idlule i-voltage yamandla okufakwayo ngenxa yomjikelezo womsebenzi.
2.2 I-Boost Converter
I-Boost circuit: i-boost chopper, i-polarity yokufaka nokuphumayo iyafana.
Kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo, ngokuya ngesimiso sokuthi ukushaja nokukhipha umkhiqizo we-volt-yesibili we-inductor L uyalingana esimweni esizinzile, ubudlelwano be-voltage bungatholakala: Uo/Ui=1/(1-▲）
Khulisa i-topology yesifunda
Ishubhu yokushintsha i-Q1 kanye nomthwalo walesi sekethi kuxhunywe ngokuhambisana. Lapho ishubhu yokushintsha ivuliwe, yamanje idlula ku-inductor L1 ukuze bushelelezi igagasi, futhi ukunikezwa kwamandla kushaja i-inductor L1. Lapho ishubhu yokushintsha ivaliwe, i-inductor L idedela emthwalweni nasekunikezeni amandla, futhi i-voltage ephumayo izoba yi-voltage yokufaka i-Ui + UL, ngakho inomphumela wokukhulisa.
2.3 I-Flyback Converter
I-Buck-Boost Circuit: I-Boost/Buck Chopper, i-polarity yokufaka nokuphumayo iphambene, futhi i-inductor iyasakazwa.
Ubudlelwano bamandla kagesi: Uo/Ui=-▲/(1-▲）
I-Buck-Boost Circuit Topology
Uma u-S uvuliwe, amandla okulayisha ashaja i-inductor kuphela. Uma u-S evaliwe, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyakhishwa emlayishweni nge-inductor ukuze kuzuzwe ukudluliswa kwamandla.
Ngakho-ke, i-L inductor lapha iyisisetshenziswa sokudlulisa amandla.
(C) Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
Isifunda sokuphakelwa kwamandla esishintshayo sinezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, usayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, kanye ne-voltage ephumayo ezinzile, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezokuxhumana, amakhompyutha, ezishintshayo zezimboni, izinto zikagesi zasendlini neminye imikhakha. Isibonelo, emkhakheni wekhompiyutha, ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintshwa sekube yinkambo yokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi, okungaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwemishini yekhompiyutha; emkhakheni wamandla amasha, ukushintshwa kwamandla kagesi nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile njengethuluzi elingaguqula amandla ngokuzinza.
Ngamafuphi, isifunda sokuhambisa amandla esishintshayo singumjikelezo osebenza kahle futhi othembekile wokuguqula amandla. Umgomo wayo wokusebenza ngokuyinhloko ukuguqula amandla kagesi okufakwayo abe amandla okukhipha amandla e-DC azinzile futhi anokwethenjelwa ngokuguqulwa kokuguqulwa kwemvamisa ephezulu kanye nokuhlunga kokulungiswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-10-2024