Izinhlobonhlobo zemishini yasendlini, yezimboniama-frequency transformers, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi baklama i-winding yabo, noma balungisa i-transformer eshisiwe, bahileleke engxenyeni yokubala okulula, izincwadi zokufunda kwifomula, nakuba ziqinile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kobunzima, akulula kakhulu.Lesi sihloko sethula ukubala okusebenzayo kwe-transformer yefomula ye-empirical.
1. Ukukhetha okuyinhloko yensimbi
Ngokusho amandla abo siqu izidingo ukukhetha core kwesokudla kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ukusonta transformer. Uma ukukhethwa kwensimbi (i-silicon steel sheet) kukhulu kakhulu, kuzoholela ekwandeni kobukhulu be-transformer, izindleko eziphezulu, kodwa i-iron core incane kakhulu, izokwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-transformer, kuyilapho amandla ukuthwala umthwalo kuba mpofu.
Ukuze unqume ubukhulu bensimbi yensimbi, into yokuqala ukubala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangempela kwe-transformer yesibili, elingana ne-voltage ye-transformer yesibili yokuvunguza, isamba somkhiqizo womthwalo wamanje. Uma kuyi-full-wave rectifier transformer, kufanele ibalwe njenge-1/2 ye-voltage yesibili ye-transformer. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusonga okwesibili ukujoyina i-transformer ngokwayo ukulahlekelwa amandla, okungukuthi, amandla abonakalayo e-transformer ayinhloko.
Amandla okusonta ajwayelekile esibili ku-10w ngaphansi kwe-transformer, ukulahlekelwa kwawo kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesibili kungaba kufika ku-30 ~ 50% wokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwangempela, ukusebenza kahle kwawo kungu-50 ~ 70% kuphela. Amandla okujika esibili ku-30 w ngaphansi kokulahlekelwa cishe okungama-20 ~ 30%, 50 w ngaphansi kokulahlekelwa okungaba ngu-15 ~ 20%, 100 w ngaphansi kokulahlekelwa okungaba ngu-10 ~ 15%, 100 w ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa okungaba ngu-10% ngezansi, lokhu okungenhla ipharamitha yokulahlekelwa imayelana ne-transformer yohlobo lwepulaki evamile. Uma ukuhleleka kwe-R-type transformer, i-c-type transformer kanye ne-toroidal transformer ilandelwa, ipharamitha yokulahlekelwa iyancipha ngokushintshana.
Ngokusekelwe emandleni ayisisekelo aphelele we-transformer abalwe ngaphezu kwengqikithi ingakhethwa. Indawo yensimbi engumgogodla S = i-axb (cm2). Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esinamathiselwe. Amandla abonakalayo e-Transformer kanye nobudlelwano phakathi kuka-s nefomula yokuqina elandelayo: s = K √ P1
I-P1 yengqikithi yamandla abonakalayo e-transformer eyinhloko, iyunithi: VA (volt-ampere), s kufanele kukhethwe indawo eyinhloko enqamula ingxenye, i-K iyi-coefficient, enosayizi we-transformer Pl okukhethiwe okuhlukile kwamanani ahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kucatshangelwa ishidi lensimbi ye-silicon phakathi kopende wokushisa, umphumela wegebe, ubuhlobo be-K no-P1 yilokhu:
Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-P1K
10VA 2-2.2
50VA ngaphansi kwe-2 ~ 1.5
lOOVA ngaphansi kwe-1.5 ~ 1.4
2. Ukubalwa kwamajika ngevolthi ngayinye
Ngemva kokukhetha core s. Bese unquma inani lokuphenduka nge-volt ngayinye, ukuze umoya uguqule i-transformer ine-excitation current enengqondo. Ifomula ye-empirical evame ukusetshenziswa: N = (40 ~ 55)/S, N inombolo yokujika ngevolthi ngayinye.
Ngokusho kwekhwalithi ehlukile ye-silicon steel sheet yokukhetha i-coefficient 40 ~ 55. insimbi ephakeme kakhulu ye-silicon ephezulu, eneso lokubona ubuso bezikali ze-crystallization. Futhi i-brittle ngokwedlulele, izikhathi ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 kuphela eziphukayo, eziphuka lapho zingalingani, i-coefficient ithathwa njengo-40. Uma i-silicon steel sheet ihlanzekile, ukugoba izikhathi ezingu-4 kuya kwezi-5 akulula ukuphuka, isigaba sokucoceka. umugqa oqondile, i-coefficient ithathwa njengaphezulu kwama-50.
Thola inani lamajika ngevolthi ngayinye ephindwe ngo-220V okungamajika ayinhloko, aphindwe ngenani lezidingo zevolthi yesibili okungamajika esibili okujikajika. Ngenxa yokuthi ucingo lunokumelana, ukugeleza kwamanje ngokuhla kwe-voltage, ukuphenduka kwesibili kufanele kwandiswe ngo-5 ~ lO% (ngokuya ngokukhetha kwamanje komthwalo, okwamanje kungandiswa ngengxenye enkulu).
3. Ukukhethwa kocingo ububanzi
Ngokuhambisana nobukhulu bomthwalo ojikajikayo wamanje, khetha amadayamitha ahlukene ocingo olunamele. Ifomula elandelayo ye-empirical ingasetshenziswa ukuthola:
d=O.8√I.
Iyunithi: l – A. d (ububanzi bocingo) – mm.
4. Izindlela Zokusonga Nezinyathelo Zokuqapha
Ngakho-ke, namuhla, amandla okufakelwa kocingo olunamele athuthuke ngempela. Ngobaama-transformers amancanecishe ku-50W, sivame ukuhamba nohlaka lwamathambo epulasitiki abamba amalangabi bese sibeka ama-windings. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa intambo enamandla amakhulu, futhi uma uyisonga, gcina yonke into ikleliswe ngesendlalelo—azikho izikhala ezinkulu zediagonal ezivunyelwe! Lokhu kusiza ukugwema ukwandisa umehluko we-voltage phakathi kwezintambo. Kuma-transformer angaphezu kuka-50W, njengoba kukhona ukuphenduka okumbalwa ngevolthi ngayinye, umehluko we-voltage phakathi kwezintambo uba phezulu. Kungcono ukubeka phansi iphepha elivikelayo (njengephepha lekhebula eliwugqinsi elingu-0.05mm noma i-kraft paper) kungqimba ngalunye njengoba ulisonga.
Ngokuqinisekile ufuna ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izendlalelo ezingaphezulu ukuthi zingasheleli zibe ngaphansi! I-insulation phakathi kwama-winding kufanele incike ekutheni ingakanani i-voltage osebenza nayo. Phakathi kwamazinga ayisisekelo, hlose okungenani izendlalelo ezine zephepha lekhebula elingu-0.1mm—yeqa usebenzisa itheyiphu yokuzinamathisela lapha! Uma i-transformer yakho encane inamaqembu angaphezu kwamabili ama-windings esibili ahlanganiswe ndawonye, qiniseka ukuthi wengeza izingqimba ezimbili ze-cable paper insulation phakathi kweqembu ngalinye futhi. Futhi uma le transformer izongena egiyeni elilalelwayo noma lokulalelwayo nokubonwayo? Ungakhohlwa ukufaka i-electrostatic shielding padding kulokho kusetha kwezendlalelo eziningi. Ngemva kokwenza zonke lezo zinto ezisongayo, qaphela lapho ufaka amashidi ensimbi ye-silicon—adinga ukulingana kahle ukuze ungatholi umsindo we-electromagnetic ophazamisa izinto.
Noma ngabe amashidi amise okwe-E noma amise okwe-EI, kufanele ahlanganiswe aqine ngaphandle kwezikhala; ukuwawela nakho kungasiza! Uma ufaka lezo zingcezu ezimbalwa zokugcina (cishe ezine noma ezinhlanu), kwenze kusukela phakathi nendawo ukuze ungalimazi noma yiziphi izinyanda zezintambo endleleni. Khona-ke masiyomise bese siyicwilisa kupende ngemva kwalokho! Kuma-transformer angaphansi kuka-50W, ungasebenzisa indlela yokomisa ye-endothermic: yenza i-short-circuit wonke ama-winding esibili kuqala bese uxhuma isibani (60 ~ 100W / 220V) ochungechungeni olunamandla amakhulu ukuze izifudumeze ngokuzenzakalelayo.Isibani esikhulu, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, kodwa esimweni esivaliwe, ukuze izinga lokushisa libe ngaphansi kwama-80 degrees liphephile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-25-2024